直接引语和间接重点难点解析讲解与练习

2021-12-24/ 网盛信息网/ 查看: 214/ 评论: 10

摘要直接引语和间接重点难点解析讲解与练习一、直接引语和间接引语的区别：直接引语直接引述别人的话，用“”间

直接引语和间接重点难点解析讲解与练习
一、直接引语和间接引语的区别：
直接引语直接引述别人的话，用“ ”
间接引语转述别人的话，不用“ ”
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二、直接引语改为间接引语时，如引述动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词、时间、时态、地点、人称等一般要作相应的变化。遵循下列规律：
在直接引语中在间接引语中
指示代词 this that
these those
时间状语 now Then
today that day
yesterday the day before
last week the week before
tomorrow the next day
next year the next year
two days ago two days before
地点状语 here there
动词时态
（以work为例）一般现在时（work）一般过去时（worked）
现左进行时（is /are working）过去进行时（was / were working）
现在完成时（has / have worked）过去完成时（had worked）
一般过去时（worked）过去完成时（had worked）
过去完成时（had worked）（不变）（had worked）
一般将来时（will work）过去将来时（would work）
动词变化 can/may could/might
must had to
come go
bring take

三、各种句型的直接引语改成间接引语时的相应变化：
各种句型变化要领例句
陈述句连接词用that，在口语中可省 She said: “He will be busy.”→
She said that he would be busy.
一般疑问句用if或whether，改为陈述语序 She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”→
She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.
特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序 The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” →
The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.
祈使句用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构 The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”→
The mother asked Tom to get up early.

四、直接引语变间接引语时，几种不变的特殊情况：
不变的情况例句
1．直接引语是客观真理，谚（习）语 The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”→
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
2．被引述的部分是反复出现的，习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在 He said, “We are still students.’→
He said they are still students.
3．引语中有明确的表示过去的时间状语，时态不变 He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”→
He told me that he was born in 1978.
4．引述部分含有insist, suggest, demand等引导的虚拟宾语从句，变间接引语时，引语中的主从句时态都不变 She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”→
She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.
5．引述动词是现在时，则间接引语中的动词、时间、时态的形式不变 She says, “ I’ll never forget the moment.” →
She says that she’ll never forget the moment.

II、实战演练
每空填一个单词，将下列直接引语变为间接引语。
1. My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”→
---- My father said practice _____ perfect.
2. The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”→
---- The boy told us he usually _______ ______ at six every day.
3. The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”→
---- The engineer said he _____ at college in 1967.
4. My uncle said,“I sowed my carrot seed yesterday.”
----My uncle said carrot seed .
5. The farmers said,“We picked these cabbages three days ago.”
----The farmers said that cabbages `.
6. He sked me,“What's the weather going to be like tomorrow?”
----He asked me the weather to be like .
7. The teacher said to us ,“Light travells much faster than sound.”
----The teacher light .
8. She said to me ,“I've left my fork in your room.”
----She that fork in .
9. He said,“I will come here tonight.”
----He said that .
10.“Did you plant rice last week?”he said to us.
----He planted rice .
11. .“Are you ready,children?”asked Mrs Li.
----Mrs Li asked ready.
12. .“Where is your brother ploughing now?”he asked.
----He asked brother ploughing .
13.She said,“How many times do you harvest crops every year,Mike?”
----She asked how many times crops every year.
14.“Can I borrow this book of yours,Miss Gao?”asked the boy.
----The boy asked Miss Gao borrow of .
15.“How long did it take you to remove the weeds?”he asked the farmers.
----He asked the farmers how long the weeds.
16.“Please have a rest,”the farmer said to us.
----The farmer a rest.
17.One of the students said,“Let me go on with the farm work,Uncle Wang.”
----One of the students Uncle Wang with the farm work.
18. .“Don't take off your blouse, ”Lily said to Lucy.
----Lily asked Lucy blouse.
答案： 1 makes 2. gets up 3. was 4. .that he had sowed his, the day before 5.they had picked those, three days before 6.what,was going, the next day 7.told us ,travels much faster than sound 8.told me, she had left her, my room 9.he would go there that night 10.asked us if (whether) we had, the week before 11.her children if (whether) they were 12.me where my, was ,then 13.Mike,he harvested 14.if (whether )he could, that book ,hers 15.it had taken to remove 16.asked us to have 17.asked,to let him go on 18.not to take off her